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Teacher Quality and Supply

Information Resources | Research & Reports
Current Pennsylvania Legislation

INFORMATION RESOURCES

Regulatory changes to Chapter 49 (Certification of Professional Personnel) took effect upon publication in the July 15, 2006 edition of the Pennsylvania Bulletin. For a copy of the regulatory changes now in effect, click here .

The Pennsylvania Department of Education has proposed additional revisions to Chapter 49 that would restructure teacher preparation and certification. Over the past few months, the Pennsylvania State Board of Education convened several public hearings on the proposal and put forth a compromise plan based on input gathered at the hearings.

Click here for the proposed teacher preparation and certification changes (Chapter 49-2) currently under consideration by the State Board of Education.

Pennsylvania Department of Education
  • Teaching in Pennsylvania Homepage
  • How to Obtain Pennsylvania Teaching Certification
  • Act 48/Continuing Professional Education
  • Title II Program Information
  • Bridge Certificate Program
  • Resolution Establishing Bridge II
  • Distinguished Educator Initiative


  • Pennsylvania Governor's Commission on Training America's Teachers
  • Homepage


  • U.S. Department of Education
  • Teacher Quality
  • Revised Highly Qualified Teacher Regulations
  • Title II
  • Alternative Routes to Teacher Certification
  • Just for Teachers Homepage
  • Letters to States Regarding Good-Faith Efforts in Meeting the Highly Qualified Teachers Goal of NCLB


  • Education Commission of the States
  • TQ Source
  • NCLB Highly Qualified Teacher and Paraprofessional Database
  • Online Teaching Quality Database
  • Teacher Compensation Database


  • National Conference of State Legislatures
  • Teacher Quality Issue Site


  • Research Resources
  • Center for the Study of Teaching and Policy
  • National Commission on Teaching and America's Future
  • Center for Teaching Quality
  • The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching
  • National Council on Teacher Quality
  • North Central Regional Educational Laboratory


  • Pennsylvania Teachers Unions
  • Pennsylvania State Education Association
  • Philadelphia Federation of Teachers


  • National Teachers Unions
  • American Federation of Teachers
  • National Education Association


  • Teacher Preparation
  • Pennsylvania Academy for the Profession of Teaching and Learning
  • Pennsylvania Association of Colleges and Teacher Educators
  • American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education
  • National Assoc. of Community College Teacher Education Programs
  • National Center for Alternative Certification


  • Teacher Preparation Program Accreditation Organizations
  • National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education

  • Teacher Education Accreditation Council


  • Professional Development
  • OPEN (Pennsylvania's Online Professional Education Network)
  • Achieving Student Success Through Excellence in Teaching (ASSET)
  • National Board for Professional Teaching Standards
  • National Staff Development Council


  • Alternatives Paths to Teaching
  • National Center for Alternative Certification
  • Teach for America
  • American Board for Certification of Teacher Excellence


  • Online Teaching Job Searches
  • Teaching in Pennsylvania Schools
  • Pa-educator.net
  • Regional Education Applicant & Placement Program
  • National School Applications Network
  • U.S. Teach


  • Teacher Organizations
  • Teachers Network Policy Institute
  • National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
  • National Science Teachers Association


  • State Higher Education Executive Officers
  • Teacher Quality Initiative
  • Teacher Mobility Project
  • K-16 Professional Development Collaborative


  • Council of Chief State School Officers
  • Interstate New Teacher Assessment and Support Consortium




  • RESEARCH & REPORTS [Top]

    EPLC Report | Preparation/Certification | Hiring/Recruitment | Induction/Mentoring
    Professional Development | Retention | Hard-to-Staff Schools | Highly Qualified
    Teacher Assessment | Out-of-Field Teaching | PDE Statistical Reports | Other


    EPLC REPORT

    Head of the Class: A Quality Teacher in Every Pennsylvania Classroom
    HTML Format  |  PDF Format
    The Education Policy and Leadership Center, 2003


    PREPARATION/CERTIFICATION

    Teacher Quality in a Changing Policy Landscape: Improvements in the Teacher Pool
    Educational Testing Service, December 2007

    Educating School Teachers
    By Arthur Levine, September 2006

    Whate Education Schools Aren't Teaching About Reading and What Elementary Teachers Aren't Learning
    National Council on Teacher Quality, May 2006

    A Difficult Balance: Incentives and Quality Control in Alternative Certification Programs
    Project on the Next Generation of Teachers, Harvard Graduate School of Education, September 2005

    Instructional Paraprofessional Statistics and Trends
    Education Commission of the States, September 2005

    Preparing and Training Professionals: Comparing Education to Six Other Fields
    The Finance Project, 2005

    Does Teacher Preparation Matter? Evidence About Teacher Certification, Teach for America, and Teacher Effectiveness
    By Linda Darling-Hammond, Deborah J. Holtzman, Su Jin Gatlin, and Julian Vasquez Heilig, Stanford University, April 2005

    Teachers of Tomorrow: Recommendations for the Preparation of Highly Effective Elementary Teachers
    Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education, April 2005

    Alternative Teacher Certification: A State by State Analysis 2005
    National Center for Alternative Certification, 2005

    Alternative Certification: A Growing Trend to Address the Teacher Shortage
    Education Commission of the States, December 2004

    No Time to Waste: The Vital Role of College and University Leaders in Improving Science and Mathematics Education
    Education Commission of the States, October 2004

    Bureau of Teacher Certification and Preparation Annual Report, Fiscal Year 2002-2003
    Pennsylvania Department of Education

    The Effects of Teach for America on Students: Findings from a National Evaluation
    Mathematica Policy Research, Inc., June 2004

    Prepared to Teach: Teacher Preparation and Student Achievement in Eighth-Grade Mathematics
    American Institutes for Research, April 2004

    Eight Questions on Teacher Preparation: What Does the Research Say?
    Education Commission of the States, 2003

    Teacher Education Baccalaureate Degrees at Community Colleges
    Education Commission of the States, December 2003

    Seamless Pipeline from Two-year to Four-year Institutions for Teacher Training
    Education Commission of the States, December 2003

    Training for Paraprofessionals: The Community College Role
    Education Commission of the States, December 2003

    Bachelor's Degrees Are Best: Higher Qualifications for Pre-Kindergarten Teachers Lead to Better Learning Environments for Children
    The Early Education Trust, 2003

    Occupational Choices and the Academic Proficiency of the Teacher Workforce
    Center on Reinventing Public Education, April 2003

    Variation in Teacher Preparation: How Well Do Different Pathways Prepare Teachers to Teach
    By Linda Darling-Hammond, Ruth Chung and Fred Frelow, September 2002

    The Effectiveness of 'Teach for America' and Other Under-certified Teachers on Student Academic Achievement: A Case of Harmful Public Policy
    By David Berliner and Ildiko Laczko-Kerr, published by the Education Policy Analysis Archives, September 2002

    The Research and Rhetoric on Teacher Certification: A Response to "Teacher Certification Reconsidered"
    National Council for Teaching and America's Future, October 2001

    To Touch the Future: Transforming the Way Teachers are Taught: An Action Agenda for College and University Presidents
    American Council on Education's President's Task Force on Teacher Education, October 1999

    Quality Control and Quality Assurance Issues
    A background paper by Calvin M. Frazier, prepared for the American Council on Education's President's Task Force on Teacher Education

    Models of Teacher Education
    A background paper by Dale P. Scannell, prepared for the American Council on Education's President's Task Force on Teacher Education

    Teacher Quality and Alternative Certification Programs
    Testimony of the National Center for Education Information before the U.S. House of Representatives Subcommittee on Postsecondary Education, Training and Life-Long Learning, May 1999


    HIRING/RECRUITMENT

    Teachers and the Uncertain American Future
    Center for Innovative Thought, The College Board, July 2006

    The Case for Reforming The Staffing Rules in Urban Teachers Union Contracts
    The New Teacher Project, November 2005

    Elementary/Secondary School Teaching Among Recent College Graduates: 1994 and 2001
    National Center for Education Statistics, July 2005

    The Quest for Quality: Recruiting and Retaining Teachers in Philadelphia     Executive Summary
    Research for Action, April 2005

    Lifting Teacher Performance
    Progressive Policy Institute, April 2005

    Philadelphia's Teacher Hiring and School Assignment Practices: Comparisons with Other Districts
    Research for Action, April 2004

    From Bystander to Ally: Transforming the District Human Resources Department
    A study conducted by the Center on Reinventing Public Education for The Wallace Foundation, April 2004

    Teaching at Risk: A Call to Action
    The Teaching Commission, 2004

    From the Headlines to the Frontlines: The Teacher Shortage and its Implications for Recruitment Policy
    Center on Reinventing Public Education, July 2003

    New Teachers' Experiences of Hiring: Preliminary Findings from a Four-State Study
    By Edward Liu, Harvard Graduate School of Education, Project on the Next Generation of Teachers, April 2003

    What Benchmarks Suggest About How Financially Attractive it is to Teach in Public Schools
    Center on Reinventing Public Education, March 2003

    Teacher Salary Structure and the Decision to Teach in Public Schools: An Analysis of Recent College Graduates
    Center on Reinventing Public Education, March 2003

    Financial Incentives in State Accountability Systems: Performance Pay for Teachers
    Center on Reinventing Public Education, September 2002

    Survey and Analysis of Teacher Salary Trends
    American Federation of Teachers, 2002

    Nonprofessional Teacher Recruitment
    The Urban Institute, January 2002


    INDUCTION/MENTORING

    Understanding New York City's Groundbreaking Induction Initiative: Policy Implications for Local, State and National Education Leaders
    The New Teacher Center, April 2006

    Induction Into Learning Communities
    National Commission on Teaching and America's Future,
    August 2005

    The Impact of Mentoring on Teacher Retention: What the Research Says
    By Richard Ingersoll and Jeffrey M. Kralik, February 2004

    A Precarious Balance: How Can We Help Support New Teachers?
    Teachers Network Policy Institute


    PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT

    Teacher Professional Development in 1999-2000: What Teachers, Principals, and District Staff Report
    National Center for Education Statistics, January 2006

    Professional Development for Paraprofessionals Across the States
    Education Commission of the States, August 2005

    Characteristics of Public School Teachers' Professional Development Activities: 1999-2000
    National Center for Education Statistics, August 2005

    Preparing and Training Professionals: Comparing Education to Six Other Fields
    The Finance Project, 2005

    Inside the Black Box: School District Spending on Professional Development in Education - Lessons from Five Urban Districts
    The Finance Project, April 2005

    Is National Board Certification an Effective Signal of Teacher Quality?
    By Linda Cavalluzzo, The CNA Corporation, November 2004

    Standards for Online Professional Development
    Southern Regional Education Board, September 2004

    National Board Certified Teachers and Their Students' Achievement
    By Leslie G. Vandevoort, Audrey Amrein-Beardsley, and David C. Berliner, Arizona State University, September 2004

    Can Teacher Quality Be Effectively Assessed?
    A study from the University of Washington and The Urban Institute, March 2004

    The Delivery, Financing, and Assessment of Professional Development in Education: Pre-Service Preparation and In-Service Training
    Click here for the Executive Summary.
    The Finance Project, December 2003

    Community Colleges as Professional Development Resources for Working Teachers
    Education Commission of the States, December 2003

    NBPTS Certification: Who Applies and What Factors Are Associated With Success?
    Center on Reinventing Public Education, May 2003

    Evaluating Standards-Based Professional Development for Teachers
    The Urban Institute, August 2001

    Peer Coaching for Improvement of Teaching and Learning
    Teachers Network Policy Institute


    RETENTION

    To Teach or Not to Teach? Teaching Experience and Preparation Among 1992-1993 Bachelor's Degree Recipients 10 Years After College  NEW!
    National Center for Education Statistics, July 2007

    Teacher Attrition: A Costly Loss to the Nation and to the States
    Alliance for Excellent Education, August 2005

    Private School Teacher Turnover and Teacher Perceptions of School Organizational Characteristics
    National Center for Education Statistics, June 2005

    The Quest for Quality: Recruiting and Retaining Teachers in Philadelphia     Executive Summary
    Research for Action, April 2005

    Tapping the Potential: Retaining and Developing High-Quality New Teachers
    Alliance for Excellent Education, June 2004

    New-Teacher Excellence: Retaining Our Best
    Alliance for Excellent Education, December 2002

    The Cost of Teacher Turnover
    Prepared for the Texas State Board for Educator Certification as part of the Texas Beginning Educator Support System Initiative, November 2000


    HARD-TO-STAFF SCHOOLS

    The Case for Reforming The Staffing Rules in Urban Teachers Union Contracts
    The New Teacher Project, November 2005

    A Shared Responsibility: Staffing All High-Poverty, Low-Performing Schools with Effective Teachers and Administrators
    Learning First Alliance, 2005

    Qualified Teachers for At-Risk Schools: A National Imperative
    National Partnership for Teaching in At-Risk Schools,
    February 2005

    Teacher Perceptions of the Work Environment in Hard-to-Staff Schools
    Report on a working conditions survey published by the Education Commission of the States, November 2004

    Once & For All: Placing A Highly Qualified Teacher in Every Philadelphia Classroom
    Learning from Philadelphia's School Reform, 2003

    The Retention and Qualifications of New Teachers In Philadelphia's High-Poverty Middle Schools: A Three-Year Cohort Study
    By Elizabeth Useem, Philadelphia Education Fund, 2003

    Is There Really a Teacher Shortage?
    Research by Dr. Richard Ingersoll, Co-sponsored by the Center for the Study of Teaching and Policy and The Consortium for Policy Research in Education, September 2003

    Missed Opportunities: How We Keep High-Quality Teachers Out of Urban Schools
    The New Teacher Project, September 2003

    Higher Pay in Hard-to-Staff Schools: The Case for Financial Incentives
    American Association of School Administrators, June 2002

    Absence Unexcused: Ending Teacher Shortages
    The Urban Institute, January 2002


    HIGHLY QUALIFIED TEACHERS

    Implementing the No Child Left Behind Teacher Requirements  NEW!
    Center on Education Policy, August 2007

    Meeting the Highly Qualified Teacher Challenge: The Secretary's Fifth Annual Report on Teacher Quality
    U.S. Department of Education, September 2006

    Qualifications of Public Secondary School Biology Teachers, 1999-2000
    National Center for Education Statistics, June 2005

    Searching the Attic: How States are Responding to the Nation's Goal of Placing a Highly Qualified Teacher in Every Classroom
    National Council on Teacher Quality, December 2004

    Unfulfilled Promise: Ensuring High Quality Teachers for Our Nation's Students
    Southeast Center for Teaching Quality, August 2004

    Special Education: Additional Assistance and Better Coordination Needed among Education Offices to Help States Meet the NCLBA Teacher Requirements
    U.S. General Accounting Office, July 2004

    Teaching Quality: A 50-State Perspective of Policy Implementation
    Education Commission of the States, Spring 2004

    Necessary and Insufficient: Resisting a Full Measure of Teacher Quality
    The National Council on Teacher Quality, 2004

    Meeting NCLB Goals for Highly Qualified Teachers: Estimates by State from Survey Data
    Council of Chief State School Officers, October 2003

    A Community Action Guide to Teacher Quality
    Public Education Network, May 2003

    Quality Counts 2003: Ensuring a Highly Qualified Teacher for Every Classroom
    Education Week, January 2003


    TEACHER ASSESSMENT

    Using Student Progress to Evaluate Teachers: A Primer on Value-Added Models
    Educational Testing Service, September 2005

    Can Teacher Quality Be Effectively Assessed?
    A study from the University of Washington and The Urban Institute, March 2004

    Improving Teacher Evaluation to Improve Teaching Quality
    National Governors Association, December 2002


    OUT-OF-FIELD TEACHING

    Out-of-Field Teaching and the Limits of Teacher Policy
    Research by Dr. Richard Ingersoll, Co-sponsored by the Center for the Study of Teaching and Policy and The Consortium for Policy Research in Education, September 2003

    All Talk, No Action: Putting an End to Out-of-Field Teaching
    The Education Trust, August 2002


    PDE STATISTICAL REPORTS

    Supply and Demand 2001-2006  NEW!
    Bureau of Teacher Quality and Professional Education, PDE, September 2007

    Public Schools Professional Personnel: 2001-2002
    Pennsylvania Department of Education

    Classroom Teacher Data by Local Education Agency: 2001-2002
    Pennsylvania Department of Education

    2001 Status Report on Education in Pennsylvania: 2002
    Pennsylvania Department of Education


    OTHER

    Pennsylvania Reports | National Reports

    Pennsylvania Reports

    Closing the Teacher Quality Gap in Philadelphia: New Hope and Old Hurdles  NEW!
    Research for Action, April 2007

    Investing in Great Teachers for All Students  NEW!
    Final Report of the Governor's Commission on Training America's Teachers, August 2006

    A Study to Determine the Feasibility and Cost Effectiveness of Placing Public School Employees Under the Commonwealth's Jurisdiction for the Purposes of Providing Health Benefits
    A report from the Pennsylvania Legislative Budget and Finance Committee, authorized by House Resolution 159 of 2003, February 2004

    The Challenge of Ensuring Teacher Quality and Supply
    Power point presentation by Nancy A. Doorey, Mid-Atlantic Regional Teachers Project, presented to the Pennsylvania Conference on Teacher Quality and Supply Issues, September 26, 2002

    Poverty, Race, Resources, Results in the Pittsburgh Public Schools
    A report commissioned by the Pennsylvania Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now (ACORN), April 2003


    National Reports

    2003-04 Schools and Staffing Survey and 2004-05 Teacher Follow-Up Survey  NEW!
    National Center for Education Statistics, October 2007

    Teaching Inequality: How Poor and Minority Students Are Shortchanged on Teacher Quality
    The Education Trust, June 2006

    Teacher Qualifications, Instructional Practices, and Reading and Mathematics Gains of Kindergartners
    National Center for Education Statistics, March 2006

    Diversifying Teacher Compensation
    Education Commission of the States and The Teaching Commission, December 2005

    Survey and Analysis of Teacher Salary Trends 2004
    American Federation of Teachers, October 2005

    Rankings & Estimates: Rankings of the States 2004 and Estimates of School Statistics 2005
    National Education Association, June 2005

    American's Commitment to Quality Teaching in Public Schools
    The Teaching Commission, April 2005

    Teacher Working Conditions are Student Learning Conditions: A Report to Governor Mike Easley on the 2004 North Carolina Teacher Working Conditions Survey
    Southeast Center for Teaching Quality, March 2005

    Listening to the Experts: A Report on the 2004 South Carolina Teacher Working Conditions Survey
    Southeast Center for Teaching Quality, March 2005

    California's Hidden Teacher Spending Gap
    The Education Trust - West, 2005

    Teacher Attrition and Mobility: Results from the Teacher Follow-up Survey, 2000-01
    National Center for Education Statistics, August 2004

    The MetLife Survey of the American Teacher: An Examination of School Leadership
    A survey conducted by MetLife, 2003

    Status of the American Public School Teacher 2000-2001
    National Education Association, August 2003

    Teacher Quality: Understanding the Effectiveness of Teacher Attributes
    Excerpts from the book by Jennifer King Rice, Associate Professor, University of Maryland, August 2003

    How Schools Matter: The Link Between Teacher Classroom Practices and Student Academic Performance
    By Harold Wenglinksy, Educational Testing Service, February 2002

    Data Systems to Enhance Teacher Quality
    State Higher Education Executive Officers, July 2003

    Teacher and Teaching Quality: State Policies that Make a Difference
    PowerPoint by Barnett Berry, The Southeast Center for Teaching Quality, for the New Mexico Legislative Education Study Committee, August 2002

    Teacher Quality and Student Achievement: A Review of State Policy Evidence
    By Linda Darling-Hammond, Center for the Study of Teaching and Policy, December 1999

    No Dream Denied: A Pledge to America's Children
    National Council for Teaching and America's Future, January 2003

    Solving the Dilemmas of Teacher Supply, Demand, and Standards: How We Can Ensure a Competent, Caring, and Qualified Teacher for Every Child
    National Council for Teaching and America's Future, 2000

    Teaching for High Standards: What Policymakers Need to Know and Be Able To Do
    National Council for Teaching and America's Future

    Toward a Growth Model of Teacher Professionalism
    Teachers Network Policy Institute, August 1997

    Shared Leadership: School Autonomy and Teacher Accountability
    Teachers Network Policy Institute, August 1997



    CURRENT PENNSYLVANIA LEGISLATION [Top]

    Senate Bills | Archived Legislation

    Senate Bills

    Senate Bill 219 (Sen. Patricia Vance)
    Allows nurse practitioners and physician assistants to authorize paperwork required for teacher certification which certifies that the individual seeking a teaching certificate is not mentally or physically disqualified from performing teaching duties. Currently only physicians are allowed to certify this requirement.


    Archived Legislation

    Click here to review Teacher Quality and Supply related legislation introduced during the 2005-2006 Legislative Session.

    Click here to review Teacher Quality and Supply related legislation introduced during the 2003-2004 Legislative Session.



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